Genetics

This blog post examines how genes, gene loci, and epigenetic mechanisms influence the immune pathways involved in multiple sclerosis. Based on a systematic review, it explains the role of major susceptibility factors such as HLA-DRB1*15:01, immune-regulatory genes, cytokine signaling, T-cell and B-cell activity, DNA methylation, and rare genetic variants associated with disease progression. The article also highlights how genetic findings may improve future MS diagnosis, subtype classification, biomarker discovery, and personalized treatment strategies.