Genetics

This blog post explores contemporary advances in understanding multiple sclerosis as a multifactorial disease shaped by intricate interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental influences. Drawing on recent large-scale genetic and molecular studies, it highlights the central roles of oligodendrocyte vulnerability, immune dysregulation, vitamin D–related pathways, and inflammatory signaling networks such as JAK/STAT. By synthesizing evidence from genome-wide association studies, immunology, and neurobiology, the article provides a cohesive framework for how diverse risk genes converge on neuroinflammatory mechanisms, offering perspectives on future directions for precision-based therapeutic strategies in multiple sclerosis.